Test Code RPB Respiratory Panel, PCR, Varies
Ordering Guidance
This assay is not predicted to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus or Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-coronavirus.
This test is appropriate for bronchoalveolar lavage or bronchial washings only. For nasopharyngeal swab specimens order RP / Respiratory Panel, PCR, Nasopharyngeal.
This test is not intended for otherwise healthy, immunocompetent patients who are likely to have a mild, self-limited respiratory infection. If testing is desired, these patients should be tested using the more targeted diagnostic assays based on their exposure history and clinical presentation. These tests are also not recommended to be concomitantly ordered when this test is ordered.
-HPFLU / Influenza Virus Type A and Type B, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), Molecular Detection, PCR, Nasopharyngeal Swab
-LADV / Adenovirus, Molecular Detection, PCR, Varies
-LENT / Enterovirus, Molecular Detection, PCR, Varies
-BPRPV / Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis, Molecular Detection, PCR, Varies
-MPRP / Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Molecular Detection, PCR, Varies
-COVID / Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA Detection, PCR, Varies
Shipping Instructions
Specimens that cannot be shipped refrigerated to Mayo Clinic Laboratories within 3 days (72 hours) should be frozen prior to shipment. Specimens received older than 72 hours (refrigerated) or older than 30 days (frozen) will be canceled.
Specimen Required
Specimen Type: Respiratory fluid
Sources: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) or bronchial washing
Collection Container/Tube: Sterile container
Specimen Volume: 1 mL
Useful For
Rapid detection of respiratory infections caused by the following:
-Adenovirus
-Coronavirus (serotypes HKU1, NL63, 229E, OC43)
-SARS-CoV-2
-Human metapneumovirus
-Human rhinovirus/enterovirus
-Influenza A (H1, H1-2009, H3)
-Influenza B
-Parainfluenza virus (serotypes 1-4)
-Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
-Bordetella pertussis
-Bordetella parapertussis
-Chlamydia pneumoniae
-Mycoplasma pneumoniae
This test is not recommended as a test of cure.
Testing Algorithm
For information see Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Influenza, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Testing Algorithm.
Special Instructions
Method Name
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Reporting Name
Respiratory Panel, PCR, VSpecimen Type
VariesSpecimen Minimum Volume
0.5 mL
Specimen Stability Information
Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
---|---|---|---|
Varies | Refrigerated (preferred) | 72 hours | |
Frozen | 30 days | ||
Ambient | 4 hours |
Reject Due To
All specimens will be evaluated at Mayo Clinic Laboratories for test suitability.Clinical Information
Respiratory infections are common and generally cause self-limited illnesses in healthy, immunocompetent hosts. Viruses account for a significant percentage of respiratory diseases, but bacteria can be associated with respiratory infections. Although respiratory illnesses are frequently mild, viruses may cause significant morbidity and mortality in individuals who are immunocompromised (eg, transplant recipients, patients with underlying malignancies).
Influenza viruses (types A and B) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are 2 common causes of viral respiratory illness, with peak incidence in the winter and spring months in the Northern hemisphere. Both viruses can cause a clinically indistinguishable syndrome characterized by fever, cough, headache, and general malaise. RSV is a leading cause of respiratory illness in young children. Early diagnosis of influenza and RSV is important so necessary infection control precautions can be taken if the patient is hospitalized, and antiviral therapy can be considered if the patient is hospitalized or considered at high-risk for severe disease.(1) Human metapneumovirus is also a cause of respiratory illness in both children and adults.
Human rhinovirus and coronavirus serotypes HKU1, NL63, 229E, and OC43 are the causative agents of the common cold, with symptoms including runny nose, sore throat, and malaise. Infections with rhinovirus and coronaviruses are extremely common due to the large number of serotypes of these viruses. Most infections are mild and self-limiting; however, individuals who are immunocompromised may suffer more severe illnesses, including lower respiratory tract disease.
SARS-CoV-2 virus is an RNA virus that causes COVID-19. Like other coronaviruses that infect humans, SARS-CoV-2 can cause both upper and lower respiratory tract illness. Symptoms can range from mild (eg, the common cold) to severe (eg, pneumonia) in both healthy individuals and patients who are immunocompromised. SARS-CoV-2 transmission occurs primarily via respiratory droplets. During the early stages of COVID-19 disease, the symptoms may be nonspecific and resemble other common respiratory infections, such as influenza.
Parainfluenza viruses and adenovirus are also common causes of viral infection, especially in young children. Parainfluenza viruses are most common during the spring, summer, and fall months, with symptoms including fever, runny nose, and cough. However, parainfluenza viruses may also cause more severe lower respiratory disease, such as croup or pneumonia. Adenoviruses may infect a range of organ systems, with sequelae ranging from cold-like symptoms (sore throat) to pneumonia, conjunctivitis (pink eye), or diarrhea. Similar to the viruses described above, parainfluenza viruses and adenoviruses generally cause mild, self-limited infections but may cause severe disease in patients who are immunosuppressed.
Respiratory infections may also be caused by bacterial pathogens, including Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. B pertussis is the causative agent of pertussis, or whooping cough, a disease characterized by prolonged cough that may be associated with an inspiratory whoop and post-tussive vomiting. B parapertussis causes a similar, but generally less severe, illness. M pneumoniae is a cause of upper respiratory infection, pharyngitis, tracheobronchitis, and pneumonia. C pneumoniae is a rare cause of pneumonia.
Reference Values
Undetected (for all targets)
Interpretation
Results are intended to aid in the diagnosis of illness and are meant to be used in conjunction with other clinical and epidemiological findings.
A negative result should not rule out infection in patients with a high pretest probability for a respiratory infection. The assay does not test for all potential infectious agents of respiratory disease. Specimens collected too early or too late in the clinical course may not yield the organism causing disease. Negative results should be considered in the context of a patient's clinical course and treatment history, if applicable.
Positive results do not distinguish between a viable or replicating organism and the presence of a nonviable organism or nucleic acid, nor do they exclude the potential for coinfection by organisms not included in the panel. Nucleic acid may persist in some patients for days to weeks, even following appropriate therapy. Detection of 1 or more organisms included in this test suggests that the virus or bacteria is present in the clinical sample; however, the test does not distinguish between organisms that are causing disease and those that are present but not associated with a clinical illness. Coinfections (eg, detection of multiple viruses or bacteria or viruses and bacteria) may be observed with this test. In these situations, the clinical history and presentation should be reviewed thoroughly to determine the clinical significance of multiple pathogens in the same specimen.
Day(s) Performed
Monday through Sunday
Report Available
1 to 2 daysSpecimen Retention Time
7 daysPerforming Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in RochesterTest Classification
This test has been modified from the manufacturer's instructions. Its performance characteristics were determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. This test has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.CPT Code Information
0202U
LOINC Code Information
Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
RPB | Respiratory Panel, PCR, V | 92958-8 |
Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
SSRPB | Specimen Source | 31208-2 |
610529 | Adenovirus | 92987-7 |
610530 | Coronavirus 229E | 94479-3 |
610531 | Coronavirus HKU1 | 94480-1 |
610532 | Coronavirus NL63 | 94481-9 |
610533 | Coronavirus OC43 | 94482-7 |
610534 | SARS Coronavirus-2 | 95608-6 |
610535 | Human Metapneumovirus | 92978-6 |
610536 | Human Rhinovirus/ Enterovirus | 92956-2 |
610537 | Influenza A | 92977-8 |
610538 | Influenza B | 92976-0 |
610539 | Parainfluenza Virus 1 | 94483-5 |
610540 | Parainfluenza Virus 2 | 94484-3 |
610541 | Parainfluenza Virus 3 | 94485-0 |
610542 | Parainfluenza Virus 4 | 94486-8 |
610543 | Respiratory Syncytial Virus | 92957-0 |
610544 | Bordetella pertussis | 94478-5 |
610545 | Bordetella parapertussis | In Process |
610546 | Chlamydia pneumoniae | 92986-9 |
610547 | Mycoplasma pneumoniae | 92964-6 |
610548 | Interpretation | 59464-8 |
Reflex Tests
Test ID | Reporting Name | Available Separately | Always Performed |
---|---|---|---|
RPMPM | M. pneumoniae Macrolide Resist PCR | Yes | No |